Fifth metatarsal fracture1/19/2024 Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited. No warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, is made as to the accuracy, reliability, timeliness, or correctness of any translations made by a third-party service of the information provided herein into any other language. Links to other sites are provided for information only – they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy editorial process and privacy policy. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. is accredited by URAC, for Health Content Provider (URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. Therefore surgical treatment of a Jones’ fracture may be recommended, particularly in young, active people, in order to prevent recurrence of the fracture or non-healing of the fracture.A.D.A.M., Inc. However, they have a tendency to recur because even after they have healed, the underlying reason why they occurred (weight-bearing tendencies of the foot) is still present. Often Jones’ fractures can be treated without surgery. They tend to occur in people that have a high arched foot shape or a lower extremity alignment that tends to load the outside of the foot (e.g., being “bow legged”). They often occur after repetitive activities (e.g. Like other stress fractures, Jones’ fractures occur in a manner similar to the way that you would break a paper clip (by wiggling it back and forth over and over again until it breaks). Jones’ fractures are fractures of the base of the 5th metatarsal that occur about a centimeter farther past the location of avulsion fractures (Figure 1B).Īlthough they can occur with a severe inward sprain or an awkward step, they are usually caused be repeated stress to this location of the bone (i.e. Figure 1A: Fifth Metatarsal Avulsion Fracture However, they can take a number of months to heal completely. Regardless of the actual cause, most of these fractures are stable and can be treated without surgery. However, evidence suggests that it is actually a ligament attaching to the nearby cuboid bone that may be primarily responsible for the avulsion. The proposed mechanism of injury is that one of the peroneal tendons attaching to the base of the 5th metatarsal pulls off this part of the bone. They occur when the ankle is rolled inward. There are two types of 5th Metatarsal base fractures:įifth metatarsal avulsion fractures are the most common fractures of the base of the 5th metatarsal, representing 90-95% of all 5th metatarsal base fractures (Figure 1A). The base of the fifth metatarsal is located on the outside (lateral) aspect of the foot where you can feel a prominent bone, about half way along the length of the foot. This puts the bone at increased risk of fracture and delayed healing of fractures.įifth metatarsal fractures account for almost one quarter of all metatarsal injuries, and most occur at the base of the bone. The peroneus brevis and peroneus tertius tendons both attach to the base of the 5th metatarsal, and function to rotate the foot outward and help to prevent ankle sprains. Additionally, the base of the 5th metatarsal has very little skin and soft tissue coverage on the outside and bottom of the foot. The fifth metatarsal is the prominent bone on the outside of the foot, and is unique when compared to the other four metatarsals for a number of reasons: it is the only metatarsal with extrinsic tendon attachments. The metatarsals are five long bones that lead up to the base of each toe. Metatarsal fractures are common in the pediatric population, accounting for close to 60 of all pediatric foot fractures.The highest rate of fracture in childhood involves the fifth metatarsal, followed by the third metatarsal.The lowest rate is the first metatarsal. Fifth metatarsal base fractures are a very common type of foot fracture.
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